Home Hormones How does increased cortisol affect hormone balance?

How does increased cortisol affect hormone balance?

by Dr Laura Brooks
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^This is my cat, Goku. He is irrelevant to the discussion except as an example of the opposite of excess cortisol – this chunky fluffball has not had a day of stress in his life. Jealous.

Anyway, I digress.

The majority of women that I talk to are exhausted. The last few years especially have taken a toll on all of us, and it’s left alot of us feeling depleted, under stress and just… tired. The impact of the stress and trauma that we’ve been under has untold effects on a womans body and hormonal balance due to how we create cortisol.

Cortisol production is generally supposed to be a quick survival burst – a small amount of stress hormone that is producted through the adrenals. This enables us to ‘run away from the tiger’, so to speak. However, due to us being under constant and unending stress and trauma, the body keeps creating cortisol, and needs to borrow building blocks from other hormones to do so. In the moment of survival, you’re not looking to reproduce, so your body very cleverly borrows the building blocks of progesterone in order to create cortisol.

The process of converting progesterone to cortisol is known as the “pregnenolone steal”. Cortisol production is triggered by the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus and adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland. (HPA axis again – it’s everywhere ladies! Look after your brain.)

Progesterone is converted to pregnenolone in the adrenal glands, and from there, it can be further converted into various other hormones, including cortisol. However, if the body is under stress and there is an increased demand for cortisol, the process of converting pregnenolone to cortisol takes priority, leading to less pregnenolone available for the production of other hormones, including progesterone. This is why the process is referred to as the “pregnenolone steal”.

The result of the pregnenolone steal is that progesterone levels can be depleted, leading to a hormone imbalance that can cause a variety of symptoms, such as fatigue, irritability, depression, and decreased sex drive. Additionally, low progesterone levels can interfere with pregnancy and cause menstrual dysfunction.

Sound familiar? You’re not alone. University studies estimate that up to 80% of women will suffer from hormonal imbalance in their lifetime. Stress management is one of the best ways that we can have a lasting impact on our progesterone production and increase hormonal balance.

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